Fire safety entertainment for children 3-4 years old “Young Firemen”.

It is no secret that fires most often occur due to the carelessness of people, and the most careless of us are children. This is why it is so important to introduce fire safety games for children from a very early age. Through play, kids learn to understand what objects can catch fire and what to do in a life-threatening situation.

At what age should fire safety rules be taught?

Dangers await people everywhere. At any moment an accident, fire, animal bite, etc. can happen. An adult has a certain model of behavior in this case, but a child does not. Therefore, it is so important to give him knowledge about possible threatening situations and objects. Children receive their first lessons in the family: “you can’t touch matches,” “it’s dangerous to approach the stove.” In the garden they deepen this knowledge.

It is recommended that children be introduced to fire safety rules from the age of 3 years. First, a series of introductory lessons are conducted to help you learn what is dangerous and what is not. Children learn to recognize fire hazards and handle them correctly. Later, starting from 4–5 years old, they learn to understand the interconnection of events: “a lit match can lead to a fire in the house, an unextinguished fire can burn a forest.”

Questions and answers on fire safety

Goal : to consolidate knowledge about the correct actions in the event of a fire.

Progress of the game:

Questions and answers are presented in the form of pictures (questions on one tray, answers on the other). For each situation it is necessary to choose the right answer.

Situations:

• There was a fire.
• There is a lot of smoke in the room.
• Your clothes are on fire.
• The TV started smoking.
• The old grass is burning.
• I smelled gas.
• It is difficult to breathe from the acrid smoke.

Answers:

• Call "01".
• Crawl your way to the exit.
• Get on the floor and roll.
• Turn it off, cover with a blanket.
• Cover it with soil and fill it with water.
• Open the window, call “04”.
• Breathe through the wet rag.

How to behave in case of fire?

At a young age, a child is not able to put out a fire and follow the rules that exist for adults.

Up to 6 years of age, children must know and follow only 3 points:

1. Do not touch flammable objects.
2. In case of fire, notify parents, neighbors, and teacher as soon as possible.
3. Remain in the sight of adults, obey them in everything and try to behave calmly.

At 7–8 years old, when the child begins to be left unattended, he is told about the first fire safety rules:

1. If the fire is small, try to extinguish it by throwing a thick cloth, pouring a pan of water or covering it with sand.
2. If this does not help or the fire is large, immediately leave the dangerous place.
3. Don't hide under the bed or in the closet, but if possible, get out of the house.
4. If you are locked inside, close the windows and doors in the room where the fire occurred. Take your phone and lock yourself in the bathroom. Plug all the cracks and the hood.
5. Call the fire department on 101 as soon as possible or ask adults to do this: neighbors, passers-by.
6. Smoke is more dangerous than fire. If you feel like you're starting to choke, lie down on the floor. There is always less smoke at the bottom.
7. Do not use the elevator during a fire - it may shut down. Just go down the stairs.
8. Stay calm and don't try to leave the house through the window.
9. When the firefighters arrive, obey them in everything and do not be afraid. They will help you.

Card index of games according to fire safety rules

Card index of games according to fire safety rules

Didactic game: “Loto - fire safety”

Goal: using story pictures to form children’s understanding of dangerous situations during a fire; the ability to behave correctly in a dangerous situation. Develop attention, logical thinking, coherent speech. Foster a sense of responsibility.

Progress of the game:

The teacher gives the players cards drawn into 10 empty rectangles (playing fields), then shows the children a plot picture depicting the situation during a fire (a boy plays with matches, a girl ran out onto the balcony of a burning apartment, an iron was left unattended, children turned on the Christmas tree, etc. ). The child, who has correctly described the situation, covers the empty playing field with a picture. The one who has the most closed fields wins.

Didactic game "Card Quiz".

Goal: to consolidate children's knowledge about fire safety rules. Develop memory, thinking, speech. Foster a sense of responsibility.

Progress of the game:

The teacher lays out on the table, or puts in a beautifully decorated box, cards with questions on the topic of rules of behavior during a fire. The child who answers the question correctly gets a chip. The one who has the most chips at the end of the game wins.

Question options:

— Name the possible cause of the fire;

- how to call the fire department correctly;

- what to do if during a fire there is no way to call the fire brigade, and the routes out of the house are cut off by the fire;

— is it possible to extinguish a fire without first calling the fire brigade;

- what to do if there is a smell of gas in the house;

— is it possible to hide in a closet or under a table during a fire;

— Is it possible to set poplar fluff on fire?

— is it possible to create a draft during a fire by opening all windows and doors at the same time;

— is it possible to use the elevator during a fire in the house;

— what needs to be saved first during a fire: money, documents or yourself;

— how to properly leave a smoky room;

— Is it possible to play with matches and lighters and why.

Didactic game: “Name the causes of the fire”

Goal: to develop knowledge about the causes of fire. To develop attention, memory, speech. Cultivate responsibility.

Progress of the game:

From the plot pictures proposed by the teacher (children collecting autumn leaves, children hanging burning candles on the Christmas tree, a boy playing with matches in the closet, children watering flowers, etc.), the child must choose those situations that could cause a fire and justify his answer, for that gets the chip. The one who has the most chips at the end of the game wins.

Didactic game: “Choose the right one”

Goal: to develop children’s knowledge about the items needed when extinguishing a fire, the rules for their use. Reinforce knowledge about objects that can cause a fire. Develop speech, memory, logical thinking. Foster a sense of responsibility.

Progress of the game:

The child is offered a set of subject pictures (fire extinguisher, bucket of water. TV. Telephone, sandbox, electrical outlet, fire hose, kerosene lamp, fireman's helmet, lighter, gas stove, gas mask) from which he must select those used in extinguishing fires and those that are the cause. occurrence of a fire. The one who answers correctly gets a chip. The player who receives the most chips wins.

Didactic game: “Fold the picture”

Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the rules of behavior during a fire. Develop imagination, logical thinking, fine motor skills. Cultivate perseverance.

Progress of the game:

The child must put together a picture cut into 8-10 parts depicting a fire situation.

Card index of games according to fire safety rules

Didactic game: “Loto - fire safety”

Goal: using story pictures to form children’s understanding of dangerous situations during a fire; the ability to behave correctly in a dangerous situation. Develop attention, logical thinking, coherent speech. Foster a sense of responsibility.

Progress of the game:

The teacher gives the players cards drawn into 10 empty rectangles (playing fields), then shows the children a plot picture depicting the situation during a fire (a boy plays with matches, a girl ran out onto the balcony of a burning apartment, an iron was left unattended, children turned on the Christmas tree, etc. ). The child, who has correctly described the situation, covers the empty playing field with a picture. The one who has the most closed fields wins.

How to properly tell your child about fire safety rules?

You can tell your child as much as you like about safe behavior, but he is unlikely to remember and learn the instructions well. The main activity of children is play. It is easier to convey any information to children through play. In the game process, the child sees a clear example, acts out actions, and better understands cause-and-effect relationships.

There are several types of fire safety games for children:

• Didactic. They include games with objects and cards, board games and word games with riddles. For example, you need to cover a card with fire with a picture of water or continue the phrase: “I saw smoke - don’t yawn and call the firefighters... (call). “Don’t touch the stove with your hand if there’s a fire in it... (fire).”

• Movable. They help develop attentiveness, dexterity, and form a model of behavior in a life-threatening situation.
• Role-playing. Children take on the roles of firefighters, parents, children and solve the task.

It is recommended to support the oral material presented with a clear example. It is best to prepare a presentation with picture slides for the lesson. Instead of a dry presentation, you can use poetry:

“Mom-mouse ironed a suit for her daughter in the dark night. She got distracted and suddenly Forgot about the iron. This is no joke, it broke out in three minutes. Everything is in smoke, there is fumes all around, That’s how a fire happens!”

“Children were playing by the fire, Petya’s jacket caught fire, he rushed about in fright, But Nikita helped his friend: he knocked Petya onto his side and doused him with water... They had to throw earth on him so that the flames would subside. It is forbidden to run in burning clothes; the wind makes the fire flare up stronger!”

To consolidate the material, it is useful to make crafts and applications. In the kindergarten, teachers instruct parents to draw warning posters together with their children. You can make crafts from plasticine, colored cardboard and other materials. Example:

Examples of role-playing games

Role-playing games are carried out in the middle and senior groups of kindergarten. Recommended age: 4–5 and 6–7 years.

• “Everyone is leaving.” Players line up along the wall. At the opposite end of the room there are chairs with equipment: a helmet, gloves, a belt, a hose, a toy ladder and a fire extinguisher. When the whistle blows, the children run to the chairs and put on their equipment. Whoever does it faster wins.
• "Teamwork". Children are divided into 2 groups and lined up. A basin with water and a ladle is placed at the beginning of the line, and an empty basin is placed at the end. You need to scoop up the water and pass it to the player standing next to you. Children pass a ladle of water along a chain and pour it into an empty basin. The last player runs with an empty scoop to the beginning of the line, draws water and passes it to the team. The game continues until the first bowl is empty. The winner is the team that transfers all the water before the other. The amount of water transferred is also taken into account (whether it was spilled too much).
• “Is fire good or evil?” Each child is given a card. All cards have different pictures: cooking dinner over a fire, lighting a house, fireworks, a rocket flying. And also a fire in the forest, a burning house, a person coughing from the smoke, frightened children. In front of the children there is a stand with 2 drawn lights - good and evil. The child needs to approach the fire in accordance with his card and explain in his own words why the fire is good or evil. At the end of the game, the adult sums it up: “Fire is both good and evil. It all depends on how you handle it.”

• "Brave firefighters." Children are divided into boy-girl pairs. The girls sit on a chair and play the role of fire victims. The boys are rescue firefighters who must overcome an obstacle course and lead the girl by the hand to a safe place. The couple that runs back first wins.
• "Extinguishing the fire." The game involves 2 players. In front of each person, 6 red scraps (lights) and 10 pictures with objects that can be used to put out the fire are scattered on the floor. Among them are 4 incorrect ones: paper, firewood, doll, inflatable ball. When the whistle blows, you need to cover the “lights” with the correct pictures. Whoever completes the task first wins.

For role-playing games on the topic of fire safety, it will be useful to equip a corner with household items: an iron, stove, matches, as well as toys, an album and everything that is at home. Children act out a given scenario: “The parents left, and you were left alone at home. What will you play with? Or: “You are playing in the room and suddenly you smell smoke. What will you do?". You can distribute roles among children and divide them into parents, firefighters, children, neighbors, etc.

Children aged 3–6 years copy the actions of adults in their games. And all “adult” activities and subjects arouse strong interest. Do not tempt fate and keep matches, flammable liquids, candles, electric stoves and other fire hazards in a visible place. Do not use them in games and regularly have preventive conversations with your child. It is recommended to conduct a full-fledged fire safety lesson 1-2 times a year, starting from 3 years of age. In kindergarten, firefighters are invited, they show presentations and play games. Then life safety lessons are held at school. Children are given in-depth knowledge and taught how to properly handle fire-hazardous objects, and not avoid them.

Summary of a physical education lesson on fire safety in the preparatory group of a kindergarten

Summary of a physical education lesson for children 6-7 years old on the topic “Fire Safety.”
“We follow the rules and don’t get into trouble” Abstract: This summary of a physical education lesson is addressed to physical education instructors and teachers of educational institutions working with children 6-7 years old. The event does not require special training for children and the teacher and can be implemented in educational activities within the framework of the “Fire Safety” week, and is aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of students, expanding and clarifying knowledge about the profession of firefighter and fire safety. Goal: implementation of fire prevention propaganda among pupils, parents and staff of a preschool educational institution. Tasks: - practice walking with stepping over an obstacle, running while completing buildings on a signal; — improve motor skills in basic types of movement (crawling, climbing, jumping), develop balance in walking on a limited surface; — teach children safe behavior and actions in fire conditions; — create conditions for improving the general culture of students in fire safety behavior and fire prevention; — cultivate respect for the firefighting profession. Equipment and materials: gymnastic wall, gymnastic mats, cord, racks for climbing and stepping over, hoops 10 pcs., skittles 12 pcs., cones 4 pcs., ball 1 pc., A2 sheets 2 pcs., felt-tip pens according to the number of children, cards thematic, audio recording. Preliminary work: reading works and conversations on the topic “Fire Safety”, looking at propaganda posters, watching videos and cartoons, excursion to the city fireplace.
I. Introductory part.

Children go into the hall and line up in a column.
Greetings. The teacher
reads out a riddle about the profession of firefighter.
Our calling is to fight fire, to protect people from harm - that’s the task! We come to the rescue everywhere and always, Our main assistant is, of course, water! In a helmet, like a glorious warrior, He hurries to the fire... (firefighter) Children's answers. The teacher
asks the children a question: what qualities should a firefighter have?
Summarizes the children's answers and suggests doing a warm-up in order to develop these qualities. Rebuilding the column one by one. walking, walking with high knees, hands to shoulders, stepping over gymnastic poles. Walking in a squat, hands on knees, between cones (4 pcs.), placed at a distance of 1 m. Crawling with support on elbows and knees, under arcs (height 50 cm, 4 pcs.), placed at a distance of 1 m. Jumping on two legs moving forward. Running while completing the task on the whistle - stop, clap your palms above your head. Alignment. Didactic game “What does a firefighter need for work?” The teacher shows the children pictures depicting various objects and asks them to answer the question, which of them do firefighters need for work?
If an item is needed for a firefighter’s work, children take a step forward; if not needed, they perform a squat. List of pictures: helmet, fire extinguisher, flashlight, axe, mask (respirator), walkie-talkie, bucket, fire hose, fire truck and any subject pictures not related to the topic of the lesson (6-8 pieces). The teacher marks the children who have reached the conditional finish line. II. Main part.

Formation in 1 column, formation in 4 columns in fours.
ORU "Fire Truck". 1. "Flashing beacon." I.P. standing, feet hip-width apart, arms along the body. 1 - Raise your arms up to your sides and clap your palms. 2 - Return to I.P. 6-8 times. 2. "Steering wheel". I.P. standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body. 1 – Raise your arms straight forward to chest level. 2 – Rotate the body to the right. 3- Turn the body to the left. 4 - Return to I.P. 6-8 times. 3. “Pump up the tires.” I.P. standing, feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, hands at chest level, fingers clasped. 1 - Perform a deep bend. 2 – Return to I.P. 6-8 times. 4. "Fire escape". I.P. – main stand. 1- Sit down, clasp your knees with your hands. 2 - Straighten up - bend over - raise your straight arms up. 3 – Lower your hands. 4 – Return to I.P., 6-8 times. 5. “Fire hose.” I.P. lying down, legs together, arms straight behind the head. 1 – turn to the right, lie on your stomach. 2- return to I.P. 3-4 – Same to the left. 6 – 8 times. 6. “Checking readiness.” Jumping on two legs with a turn from side to side. 8 jumps alternating with walking in place 2 - 3 times. Alignment. Visual gymnastics “Where is the fire?” The teacher
tells the children that before the advent of telephones, firefighters learned about fires by observing the area from a fire tower.
Invites children to train their eyesight. Children put out their right hand straight with their thumb raised up, and, as directed by the teacher, move their hand to the right - left, up or down. They follow the movement of the thumb only with their eyes, without moving their head. The teacher draws the children’s attention to their posture and makes sure that the children do not raise their shoulders. Calculation for the first - second. ATS “Fire crew training” Subgroup method of execution. 1. Crawling on bellies on mats under a cord stretched at a height of 40 cm from the floor. Distance 4 m. 3 times. Walk along the cord with your right - left side with an extended step and straight, placing your heel to your toe. Distance 4 m. Control of posture by children is mandatory. 2. Climbing onto a gymnastic ladder in different ways and moving to the next flight. 3 times. Pay attention to the correct placement of the foot on the rail and the correct grip. Jumping over the cord from the right to the left on two legs moving forward. Distance 4 m. Formation in a circle. The teacher
notes the children’s success in performing basic physical activities.
Tells children that the profession of fire rescuer is important and significant. However, it is important to follow fire safety rules to prevent a fire. Didactic game “True - False” The teacher reads out a statement, if the children agree with the statement, they clap, if they disagree, they stomp. — Children can use electrical appliances without adults. — Children should not use a gas stove without an adult. — Children can light fires themselves. — Matches for children are not a toy. — Electrical appliances should not be touched with wet hands. — Children can set off firecrackers without adult supervision. — In case of a fire, you should call 01 or 112. — In case of a fire, you need to leave the apartment and seek help from your neighbors. The teacher
summarizes and reads out the correct statements, and marks the children who completed the task.
Outdoor game - relay race "Obstacle Course". Children are formed into three teams.
At the teacher’s signal, the first participant overcomes the obstacle course (climbing into a tunnel, jumping on two legs from hoop to hoop, stepping over obstacles of different heights). Takes 1 card from the hoop. Running “snake” between the pins (6 pieces at a distance of 1 m) he returns to the team and passes the baton by touch. When all the cards have been transferred, children choose cards with fire safety situations that are correct in their opinion and paste them onto an A2 sheet using markers and felt-tip pens and complement the poster with drawings. Teams show posters to each other, explain their choice and check whether the opposing team completed the task correctly. The teacher sums it up and suggests placing posters in the group room (Safety Center) and in the kindergarten lobby. III. Final part.

Formation in a circle.
The teacher
invites the children, tossing the ball from hand to hand, to answer the questions: what new did you learn today? Who do they want to tell about the lesson? Which exercises were difficult to do and which ones were easy? Why is it important to follow fire safety rules? The teacher summarizes the lesson. The teacher says goodbye to the children. The children leave the hall.

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Physical education leisure in a preparatory school group. Scenario Physical education lesson for children 6 - 7 years old. Synopsis of a physical education lesson with children of the preparatory group Synopsis of a story-based physical education lesson in the preparatory group of a kindergarten with presentation

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