Didactic games for children during music lessons
Musical games to develop a sense of rhythm in children of the preparatory department and the first year of art school
Author: Vera Olegovna Sedova, piano teacher, accompanist of the MDUDO Children's School of Children's Art School, branch in the city of Dmitrov, Moscow region Description. I offer game material for developing a sense of rhythm in children of the preparatory department and the first year of art school. This material can be used by teachers and music directors of preschool institutions, teachers of general education and music schools, parents and children themselves from five to seven years old. Goal: developing a sense of rhythm through musical creativity. Objectives: 1) teach children to listen and hear the rhythm of music, distinguishing between long and short sounds; 2) develop the child’s curiosity, ingenuity, thinking, memory, attention, imagination; 3) cultivate interest in creativity through children writing original assignments. The game is an integral part of the educational process. It helps to understand and consolidate knowledge about the material received, arouses interest, develops imagination in children and adults, turning students and teachers into co-authors of a single creative process. I offer games that I often use in the educational process at the first stage of education (preparatory and 1st grades of a children's art school), and I use them at concerts for parents so that they can see the growth of their child and can help him if he has difficulty completing his homework. I. Game “Repeat the rhythmic pattern” 1 version of the game Purpose: development of a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech; give a simple idea of the length of sounds (long, short). Description. The teacher taps the rhythmic pattern of the melody with his hands or a pencil on the table, and the child repeats. Then the child comes up with a rhythm, the teacher repeats, and the student checks whether the task is completed correctly. Example.
The teacher recites the poem: Ta, ta, two cats... The child beats out the rhythm of the poem with his palms (or a finger on a key, a pencil on the table, a hand on the instrument cover, a hand on a tambourine, a stick on the key of a metallophone):
Questions for task
1. How many sounds do you hear? 2. Where are the short sounds: in the middle, at the beginning or at the end? 3. Where are the long sounds: in the middle, at the beginning or at the end? 4. How many long and short sounds did you hear? 5. Choose the correct scheme from those proposed:
2 version of the game
Purpose: development of a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech; give a simple idea of the length of sounds (long, short). Description. The teacher suggests tapping the rhythm according to the table:
Questions for the task
1. Tap the rhythm on your hands and say the text.
Distinguish between long and short sounds in your voice: draw out long ones, pronounce short ones quickly. 2. Draw a diagram of notes for any verse (child or teacher’s choice). Example.
Ding, dong, ding, dong, There's an elephant walking around the zoo. The child a) recites the verse and beats out the rhythm with his hands; b) determines by ear the number of long and short sounds; c) determines their location (at the beginning, in the middle, at the end); d) writes down the outline of the verse in notes - circles.
3rd version of the game
Purpose: development of a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech; give a simple idea of the length of sounds (long, short), types of sounds (noise and musical). Description. In this task, notes are written in black and white circles, as an option for first grade children. The task contains a riddle. In this task, you can repeat the questions from the second version of the game, or you can experiment with noise and musical sounds: the child knocks the rhythm in an invented way (For example, he beats long sounds with his foot, short sounds with his hands, the teacher guesses whether these are noise or musical sounds, repeats after the child task, the child checks the completion of the task, then the teacher suggests the task.)
4 version of the game Musical game “Colored Keys” Purpose: developing a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech, obtaining a simple idea of the length of sounds. Opsaniye. For this game, your child will need a color keyboard,
based on which he will be able to play independently,
and also come up with your own unforgettable melodies with original poems, in the composition of which a teacher, parents, and older comrades can help. You can process the material created by your child in the Adode Photoshop program, create a personal instrumental album in paper or electronic form, and also prepare a presentation of this album with pictures and sounding melodies, record works performed by a young author on a disc, which is a nice gift to give to your mother, grandmother, friends. II. Game "Let's go!" Goal: development of a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech, consolidation of knowledge about the duration of notes. Description. Game "Let's go!" - to consolidate the material when studying note durations. Children enjoy “riding” on trains. You can make carriages from colored cardboard, use different sizes in the game (2/4, 3\4, 4/4/, 3/8, 6/8, 9/8), smaller durations (sixteenth, thirty-second), give it to your child try to fill the trailers yourself with durations in accordance with the proposed size.
III. Game “Songs on Stairs” Purpose: to develop a sense of rhythm, hearing, memory, imagination, speech. Description. The game “Songs on Ladders” is another version of a rhythmic exercise with changing the pitch of sounds. Here the child learns to navigate the keyboard by changing the pitch of sounds in accordance with the picture. There are many options with a diagram. Example:
a) you can ask the child to look at the diagram in red and determine the direction of the melody (first up, then down); b) determine how many short sounds and long ones (two short, 3 long), where they go: up or down (3 sounds up, then two down); c) play a melody on the instrument from sound to (options: from D, from F, from B); d) clap the rhythm of the melody and choose words for it (I'm going for a walk); e) come up with your own ladder, draw it in an album, and compose words.
I use the games proposed in the development during the pre-notation period of teaching musical notation, which takes from a month to three, depending on the age and abilities of the child, his interest and activity. Games help to captivate the child in learning, and give the teacher room to develop his own imagination and the opportunity to use the reserves of his creative talent, implementing the slogan “Teach while playing!”
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Musical instruments for children
Playing children's musical instruments is an essential part of preschool development.
The main musical instruments for young children are the following:
- glockenspiel;
- bells;
- triangle;
- drum;
- tambourine;
- spoons.
Children can play all of these instruments independently. Pupils with an ear for music and a sense of rhythm are able to form a well-coordinated group and then demonstrate their skills at holidays and matinees in preschool institutions.
Games using musical instruments make it possible at an early age to identify children who have a special inclination to study music and have an ear for music. Parents are recommended, if possible, to further develop the abilities of such a child: for example, enroll their daughter or son in a music school.
How to instill in your child an interest in music
Parents and teachers should develop a child’s interest in music gradually. You need to start before the baby is born. The first acquaintance should consist of listening to musical works, then you should include dance movements, then move on to learning songs and getting acquainted with musical instruments.
To develop an interest in music, you must follow the following recommendations:
- a pregnant woman should often listen to classical music so that the baby in her womb can also hear it;
- after the birth of a child, you should play the music that he heard before he was born;
- perform gymnastic exercises and massage on the baby while listening to music;
- practice joint dancing between children and parents;
- buy musical toys for your child;
- regularly play classical music and children's songs (try to learn them);
- introduce your child to musical instruments;
- regularly hold musical games for children.
If the child is not particularly inclined to dancing or singing, in no case should you insist on it. If he does not strive to become a famous dancer or singer, or he does not have the inclination to do so, there is no point in excluding music in all its forms from his life. And this is exactly what can be achieved if you try too hard. Simply listening to music at home or in the car can have a positive impact on a child’s development.
Holiday Music Events
In preschool children's institutions, matinees and other festive events are of great importance. Preparing for the holidays organizes children's groups and instills basic concepts of teamwork. Successful performances give children considerable pleasure. Parents present at the celebrations can clearly evaluate the work of music and other preschool teachers, as well as the success of their children.
Games for children accompanied by music at holidays and matinees have slightly different goals and character than in music classes. In the second case, it is a process, and in the first, it is a demonstration of the result.
Musical holidays also play an important psychological role: they help identify children who experience fear and discomfort when performing in front of an audience or while being among a large number of people.
With the exception of graduation events for future first-graders, the New Year occupies a very special place among children's holidays. Musical New Year's games for children are not just filled with sound, they carry a sense of fairy tale, mystery and magic.
New Year's musical games can be divided into 2 groups:
- The first group will include all standard games with music that do not have a special New Year's theme; The holiday flavor is emphasized by Father Frost, Snow Maiden or Snowman as presenters and/or participants. Decorating musical instruments with tinsel or “rain” also gives a wonderful New Year’s effect.
- The second group will consist of specific New Year's musical games, which use songs about the New Year, Christmas tree, snow, Christmas tree decorations and New Year's pictures as auxiliary items.
Children's musical games for the New Year can be used by parents if there is a meeting with friends or relatives in which a large number of children will take part (not necessarily on New Year's Eve).
And a completely special category can be made up of such New Year's musical games for kids, which are individual in nature and can be used by artists working by invitation and playing the role of Father Frost and the Snow Maiden.
