07.08.2019
Modeling from plasticine step by step is the best educational technique for preschool children (from 2-3 to 7 years old)! Children love modeling with clay because they can create anything!
Most of all, children love to sculpt: animals, people, cars, cities. Nowadays it is very popular to sculpt Smeshariki, unicorns, cats, hedgehogs and dragons. Sculpting is very useful. Step-by-step modeling develops creative thinking, imagination, fine motor skills, speech, and logical thinking several times faster.
Children from 3 to 7 years old are especially passionate about modeling. Therefore, we have selected interesting craft ideas that are very popular among children. Stock up on plasticine of different colors to make it even more interesting for your child!
How to make a caterpillar and a bee step by step
How to make a ladybug
Snail step by step for children (spiral modeling)
How to make a teddy bear
An interesting idea for sculpting: a bird in a nest
We sculpt flowers and compositions step by step
How to make a car from plasticine
Bicycle step by step
Modeling should be interesting for a child. Therefore, choose the most interesting ideas for modeling. Let the child choose what he will sculpt. When the baby is engaged, discomfort, excitement and anxiety go away. When a child creates a favorite cartoon animal, be it a bunny or a kitten, a giraffe or a unicorn, he feels good and proud of his achievements. Therefore, mommies, do not forget to praise your baby for any achievement!
Preparing material and tools for creativity
Dymkovo toy from the 19th century.
The sculpting process is always manual labor, and it is impossible to sculpt two identical cockerels or young ladies. Every time you get a truly exclusive souvenir. But to make it according to Dymkovo traditions, you need to prepare tools and, of course, material.
You will need:
- natural clay (sold in briquettes in craft supply stores);
- stacks;
- comfortable mat for modeling;
- modeling board;
- a jar of water;
- brush;
- plastic bag;
- wet towel;
- whitewash (you can take regular waterproof paint without varnish);
- paint for painting (ideally tempera, but acrylic will also work).
After kiln firing, the workpiece will be red-brown. Previously, a chalk-milk solution was used for whitewashing: the master dipped the entire toy into it. On the surface, the milk soured, causing a bright film of casein glue to form on the souvenir.
Today, artists whitewash the toy with tempera white. But if you want to follow traditions, you can dip the product in chalk crushed in milk.
The ancient method of painting is also somewhat different from the modern one. Craftsmen ground dry paints with eggs, adding vinegar or peroxided kvass to the composition. In the 20th century, works were painted mainly with gouache, which was also painted on eggs. Today, craftsmen prefer to use durable acrylic paints.
Mental and personal development while sculpting
When doing sculpting step by step, do it in a fun and playful way. Create a story for the beast you create, and then act it out. Use ideas from fairy tales and cartoons, and act out stories from everyday life.
What do you need for a modeling lesson?
You need high-quality plasticine. For kids, choose very soft plasticine. If it is difficult for the baby to sculpt awkwardly, then his interest in such an activity will quickly pass.
Tools for modeling from plasticine:
- modeling board;
- stacks;
- rolling pins, including those with patterns;
- molds for modeling.
How to teach children to sculpt?
Many parents think that children will begin to sculpt and develop on their own. This is wrong. You will need to be shown how to do it, go through basic lessons. In the future, the child will come up with his own characters, but initially show him how to do it.
Learn how to sculpt basic shapes:
- ball;
- egg (ellipsoid);
- hemisphere;
- cake;
- sausage;
- cylinder;
- cone;
- brick;
- tourniquet;
- spiral.
After this, mold the figures step by step. Choose an interesting animal and make it together. Help the child, praise him!
Modeling in this age group usually takes no more than 20 minutes.
Working on crafts based on Dymkovo motifs
Let's make a deer
It is convenient to sculpt Dymkovo toys in a sculptural way
To create the deer, a combined sculpting method is used, but, nevertheless, the basis is sculptural, that is, kids sculpt parts of the figurine from a single piece.
Instructions:
- “From a piece of plasticine (you can combine the leftovers after doing other crafts into one ball) we roll 2 sausages (thick and slightly thinner) - these are blanks for the body and head with neck.”
- “We form the body and legs from the thicker one. To do this, we make cuts along 1/3 of the entire length at both ends.”
- “We smooth out the resulting elements into cylinders.”
- “We bend the figure slightly in the middle, placing it on its legs.”
- “We cut a small segment of the second sausage with a stack diagonally.”
- “We apply the place of the incision to the body and smooth out the transitions.”
- “We take small pieces of plasticine for the ears. We form a ball, and then roll up small thick sausages, stretching out one part so that the figure begins to resemble a three-dimensional triangle.”
- “We attach the ears to the head, smooth out the transitions well.”
- “We roll the sausage, bend it in the middle and attach it between the ears - these are the horns.”
- “We complement the deer with a small tail. To do this, we roll up a thin sausage and attach it to the body, smoothing out the junction.”
This is interesting. Since the craft will still be painted, the horns, ears and tail should not be thin, otherwise they will break when applying paint.
Let's start painting.
Instructions:
- “Dip the workpiece into a bowl with white gouache.”
- “Let’s get a craft” (it’s better if an adult does this).
- Let it dry and apply the selected design with gouache.
Example of lesson notes
Vedernikova Natalya Summary of a modeling lesson in the senior group based on Dymkovo toys “Oleshek” (fragments)
| <...Conversation with children Teacher: Guys, do you want to go to the Dymkovo toy workshop? Children: We want! Teacher: So let's fly. What do they fly on in fairy tales? (children offer answer options.) Teacher: - I suggest using a flying carpet. We can all fit on it (invites the children to sit on the carpet). Teacher: - Is everyone ready? The carpet takes off: One, two, three, four, five, Our carpet began to fly over the fields, over the mountains, over the tall forests. We are rushing faster than the wind, Lo and behold, we will land in an instant! (opens the decoration) .2 part: Teacher's story: A story about the Dymkovo toy (poem) “Dymkovo toys” Get your ears ready, kids, This is interesting to know: All about the Dymkovo toy I want to tell you. In Dymkovo, near Vyatka, Four hundred years ago, for the spring holiday, “Whistling,” They were sculpted by young and old. These Vyatka toys are like a rainbow in the spring: Look, here’s a turkey, A tail like a painted fan, An elongated beard, Like a plume, a comb, Wings with bright eyeliner - The whole toy is like a flower! Nearby there is a beautiful young lady, standing with her arms akimbo; Apron, skirt and kokoshnik: Everything sparkles and burns. Black arched eyebrows, eyes, cheeks, scarlet mouth - It seems that he will wave his hand and immediately begin to dance. Buffoons, water bearers, ladies and roosters - They are decorated with stripes, cages, dots and circles. Red, yellow and green, Scarlet, blue, light blue - All colors on a white background of this painted haze . The whole country and the whole world knows the folk craft; You saw this Russian souvenir today. Teacher: - Look, we found ourselves in front of a workshop where Dymkovo toys . And now I invite you to become masters for a while and invite you to the workshop. Teacher: - But the workshop is closed. To enter it, you need to answer questions. Teacher: - What are Dymkovo toys ? Children: - From clay Teacher: - What other materials are needed? Teacher: – What tools are needed for work? Part 3: The workshop opens. Children enter and sit at their work stations. Teacher: - Check if everything is ready for work? (children answer) Teacher: - Guess my riddle and find out what you will sculpt: Stands on slender legs - All the beauty is in the horns. That's right, it's a deer . Teacher: Pay attention to the diagram! (on the poster there are samples and modeling )...> <...Teacher: - Now you get to work. Try to make your work beautiful and neat. A good master's workplace is always clean and tidy. Physical education lesson Teacher: Let’s stretch our fingers before work. We brought clay from a distant hillock (hands on the belt, turns with a spring) Well, let's get to work, miracle masters! (arms forward, to the sides) Blind, dry - and into the oven! (they sculpt with “palms”) And then we will paint (fingers with a pinch, draw wavy lines) We will toys , (sculpt with “palms”) The stove radiates with heat. (they clench and unclench their fists) But there are no rolls in the oven, (they wave their index finger) But in the oven there are toys ! (hands forward) Teacher: - Before we start work, let’s say the following words: “I’ll sit straight, I won’t bend, I’ll get to work.” Teacher: - Now you can start working. Independent work. Teacher: - And now I’ll see whose fingers are the most dexterous and skillful. Children begin to work, the teacher monitors the work, advises, and shows working techniques. Part 4: Summary of the lesson . Analysis of works. The children finish their work, wipe their hands, and place the reindeer on the stand. Teacher: - Let's see how our masters coped with the work. Teacher: – Are all the toys okay ? Teacher: – Whose work do you like the most? Why? Teacher: - Which toy is the neatest ? Teacher: - Well, guys! We learned a lot of interesting things in Dymkovskaya Sloboda , met with toys , and tried ourselves as craftsmen. It's time for us to go back. Sit down on the carpet quickly. Another minute and he will leave the ground. Children sit on the carpet - an airplane. Teacher: - One, two, three! Fly! Teacher: - Repeat the farewell words after me: We will remember the Dymkovo toy And now, friends - girlfriends, We will finish our story...> |
Photo gallery: ready-made children's crafts
You need to paint the craft only after the first layer of paint, that is, the primer, has dried well, otherwise the painting will bleed.
Some options for making a deer involve large branched horns
Due to his age, Oleshek may not be able to rest firmly on his legs.
Let's make a goat
It’s better to leave painting the crafts for the next lesson - this way you can pay more attention to smoothing out the details
As an option for making a Dymkovo toy, you can invite kids to make a goat. When getting acquainted with domestic animals (or after studying the fairy tale “The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats”) in the junior and middle groups, the children were already making a kid. The technique will be the same, only the Dymkovo toy has large horns. Also, sculpting the torso, limbs, head and tail will be similar to how we made the deer. Let's dwell on the creation of these largest horns and ears.
Instructions:
- “Roll two long sausages.”
- “We bend them in a circle, but leaving one end free.”
- “We stick this edge to the head.”
- Repeat for the second horn.
- “We form 2 balls from 2 small pieces of plasticine and make pancakes from them.”
- “We pinch the workpiece, grabbing it along the edge of the circle, so that we get a spatula.”
- “We apply the narrow part to the head in the place where the horns are attached.”
- “We sharpen the goat’s muzzle a little, slightly extending it for this purpose.”
An example of a lesson plan for sculpting a Dymkovo goat
<…Organizational moment (1–2 min.) – Look, guys, a goat has come to visit us. What is he like? - A goat, a steep-horned goat, He has a strict character. His pants are on his feet, look at them, kids! - Do you know that the goat has friends, do you want to meet them? Answer the questions: - A beautiful goat. - We'd like to meet you.
– Guys, look at the pictures, you see goat toys in them, what are they? – Yes, they are very unusual. Look, goats are a Dymkovo folk toy. Say in unison: Dymkovo toy! – This toy is not simple, but magically painted: let’s look at it. -What does the goat have? -What color are his ears? – What color is the tail and hooves? – Look at the pattern on the goat? What does it consist of? – What colors are in the pattern on the goat? – Which of you liked this toy? Fine! The children say in chorus: “Dymkovo toy.” Children answer: - A goat has a head, neck, torso, legs, tail, ears, horns. – The pattern consists of circles.
Let’s take the plasticine in our hands and knead it better. We'll divide everything into pieces, we'll start sculpting the goat: We'll roll out the head, we'll roll out the legs. The pants are like a bell, we connect them. Perform movements following the teacher: (clench and unclench fingers) (show how to tear off pieces) (movement imitating rolling a ball between the palms) (movement imitating rolling a sausage between the palms) (connect the fingers of two hands with each other in the form of a house)
– Take one piece of plasticine in your hands and knead it. – After kneading the plasticine, roll out this lump of plasticine on a modeling board. You will get a figure like this - a cylinder (or column). – Take the cylinder (column) in both hands and with your right hand pull out one end of the cylinder (column). - Now bend it in an arc. You will get the neck and head of a goat. – Below, where the neck connects to the body, the goat has legs. To make the goat's legs, take the stem in your hands and make a cut in the middle of the body. After this, pull the plasticine left and right - these will be the goat’s legs. – On the head we will make a beard and horns from plasticine of a different color, for example, yellow. – Pinch off small pieces and roll into round balls and flatten them to form circles - pucks. Decorate your toy with beautiful colorful circles. – Then take some black and make the eyes, nose and hooves of the goat. Children take plasticine in their hands, knead it, and roll it out. Bend and stretch the goat's neck and head. Children make a cut with a stack and stretch out the goat's legs. They stretch out the horns and beard on the goat's head. Multi-colored circles are sculpted from plasticine to decorate the goat’s body. The eyes, nose, and hooves of a goat are made from black plasticine.
A duck walks in a skirt, in a warm sheepskin coat, a chicken in a vest, a cockerel in a beret, a goat in a sundress, a bunny in a caftan, and the prettiest of them all is a cow in matting. Perform movements after the teacher. For each animal name, bend the fingers on the hands, starting with the thumbs. Rhythmic alternating hand claps and fist bumps. 6.. Independent productive activity of children (7–8 min) Children make a toy from plasticine.
– What toy did you meet today, what is it called? - Let's look at the fairy-tale goats you made. – What beautiful toys you have made! – Who liked to sculpt a goat? - Well done! Come to me, put the toys on the stand, what wonderful friends you have made for the goat! The children answer: - Dymkovo toy. Children look at the molded toys...> |
Photo gallery: finished crafts
To make it more complex, you can add a beard to the figure, as well as fur on the legs.
To make a figure in a sitting position, you do not need to cut the back third of the base of the body in half. The features of the muzzle can be drawn in stacks
