What is finger gymnastics
This is a fun and simple finger workout aimed at improving memory, fine motor skills, the ability to think creatively, and concentrate. Children are supposed to do finger gymnastics from an early age. The classes do not require preparation or special physical skills.
You can start gymnastics when the child is 3 months old. First, the parent bends the baby's fingers. Having reached the age of 2, the child acts independently, repeating the movements of an adult. As the child gets older, the movements should become more complex.
For maximum effectiveness, gymnastics are recommended to be performed daily. The lesson should not last more than 4-5 minutes.
The movements are accompanied by poems and fairy tales. Text support should be changed every 3-5 days. But if a child asks to repeat an old poem, there is no need to refuse him. If a preschooler refuses to play, you should not force him; it is better to postpone finger gymnastics to another time.
The purpose of finger gymnastics
Improving children's speech depends on the development of fine motor skills. The better a preschooler moves his fingers, the easier it is for him to construct clear and intelligible speech. That’s why finger gymnastics for 3-year-old children is so important. It stimulates the development of articulatory organs, trains hands to hold writing and creative instruments, and improves thinking and creative abilities.
Tasks of finger games:
- general speech development, stimulation of the speech center in the brain;
- expansion of individual vocabulary;
- development of perseverance, attentiveness, interest in the educational process;
- improvement of auditory and visual memory;
- formation of ideas about poems and fairy tales as literary forms;
- training fine motor skills, improving the flexibility of the wrist joints;
- creative development, improvement of imagination.
Finger gymnastics for 3 years
At first, finger lessons should be carried out without text accompaniment. This is an introductory stage when the child practices motor control. The parent shows, and the baby diligently repeats the movements after him.
There is no need to aim for a perfect result from the first or second lesson. At first, the preschooler will not succeed in everything. When the gymnastics result improves significantly, you can arrange a competitive exercise with a sweet reward for the winner.
Here are a few exercises for the initial stage of finger gymnastics:
- Place your hands on a horizontal surface so that one hand is open, the other is clenched into a fist. Change position: squeeze the first hand, open the second. And so on several times.
- Extend your arms in front of you, clasp your fingers. Spread your palms in different directions, then turn the backs of your hands towards you so that your fingers are straightened.
- Place your elbows on a horizontal surface. Turn your palms towards yourself, then away from you. In this case, the fingers should not bend.
- Place your elbows on a flat surface. Turn your palms so that they face each other. Keep your fingers straight at the joints, connect them in pairs, then separate them.
- Place your palms and fingers together. Without separating them, move the brushes in different directions.
Teach your preschooler to train his hands on his own when he has a few free minutes. For example, when waiting for an appointment at a children's clinic. Let the baby stroke and massage his palm. Or he will take with him a small spherical object, for example, a tennis ball, and roll it, holding it between his palms. A great finger exercise for children is rolling a thin tube-shaped object, such as a felt-tip pen, on a flat surface.
Creative activities that involve the hands are useful as an addition to gymnastics: modeling from plasticine and dough, drawing with gouache and watercolors.
An excellent option for combining gymnastics and fine arts: finger painting. They are completely harmless to the child's body. The kid dips his fingers in a jar, smears paint on a paper sheet, thereby training the muscles and joints of his hands, and learns to fantasize. By the age of 5-6 years, the use of finger paints is irrelevant. At this age, the child should already have mastered the skill of working with artistic brushes and pencils.
Training your fingers
Finger games allow parents and educators not only to delight their children with play, but also to develop their speech and fine motor skills. Thanks to these games, the child receives a variety of sensory impressions, he develops attentiveness and the ability to concentrate. Such games form good relationships between children and adults.
In kindergarten, as part of the educational process, much attention is paid to psychophysiological and social development, as well as protecting the lives and strengthening the health of children. And in this regard, physical education and health activities, in particular finger games, play a special role.
Finger games promote children's motor activity, coordination of movements, emotional uplift, and harmonious physical and mental development. Imperfect fine motor coordination of the hands and fingers makes it difficult to develop speech, master writing and a number of other educational and work skills.
The poems accompanying the exercises are the basis on which the sense of rhythm is formed and improved. They learn to hear rhyme, stress, and divide words into syllables. A sense of rhythm is also important when learning to write (for developing smooth handwriting), for memorizing poetry, and for preventing writing disorders (omission of vowels).
What does finger gymnastics give to children?
1. Promotes mastery of fine motor skills.
2. Helps develop speech. 3. Increases the performance of the cerebral cortex. 4. Develops mental processes: thinking, attention, memory, imagination. 5. Relieves anxiety. Fingers don't become skilled right away. Therefore, games, exercises, and finger warm-ups must be done daily. During classes, it is important to take into account the individual characteristics of each child, his age, mood, desires and capabilities. What seems simple to us adults is very complex and difficult for children to do.
Matryoshka dolls
We are the beauties of the nesting dolls, ( We unclench our fists
.) Multi-colored clothes, (
We move our fingers
.) One is Matryona, two is Malasha, (
We bend our fingers one by one
.) Mila is three, four is Masha, Margarita is five.
It's not hard to count us. ( Clench and unclench your fists 2 times
.)
Dymkovo ladies
We are painted toys, Laughing Vyatkas, Sloboda dandies, Town gossips. Our hands are like pretzels, our cheeks are like apples. All the people at the fair have known us for a long time. ( We clench and unclench our fists throughout the nursery rhyme
.)
Present
Masha went to the market, ( We walk on the table with our fingers
.) She brought the goods home.
A scarf for my dear mother. There is a flower in the middle. ( We depict a flower with our hands
.) The falcon brothers each have goat boots (
We knock on the table with our fists
.) The swan sisters each have white mittens.
( Move with interlocked fingers
.)
Grandma and grandpa are driving, driving
( Bend your arm at the elbow, raise your hand up and spread your fingers. You get a door between the index and thumb and three windows. Let the baby repeat after you
.) They're going, they're going, grandma and grandpa!
( Put your little finger through the first window between the little finger and the ring finger from the side of the palm
.) No, then the horse is galloping with its neighbor.
( We put the ring finger on the little finger - now two people look out of the window
.) No, then two bags of oats.
( Put it on the ring middle finger
.) No, then the cat is fighting with the dog.
( Place it on the middle index finger
.) Well, why shout so much, If there is no one to meet?
( We stick our thumb through the “window”, pushing the others away. Let’s remove all the fingers from the “window”
.) (
Now we do the same, but our fingers look out the second window between the ring and middle fingers
.) They go, go, grandma and grandpa!
No, then a shepherdess with lunch, No, then they are dancing in a circle, No, then again a dog and a cat! Well, why shout so much if there is no one to meet? ( Then the same thing, but the fingers look out the third “window” between the middle and index fingers. After that, all the fingers are removed and together with the hand they “run out” through the “door” between the thumb and index fingers, moving their toes
.) They go, Grandma and Grandpa are coming! Mom and Dad are following! And a whole cartload of gifts! And behind them are a cat and a dog! Well, why shout in vain? Let's run to meet them!
Worms
One, two, three, four, five, ( Palms lie on your knees or on the table
.) The worms went for a walk.
( Bending our fingers, we pull our palm towards us - the movement of a crawling caterpillar
.) One, two, three, four, five, the worms went for a walk.
( We walk along the table with the index and middle fingers, the remaining fingers are pressed to the palm
.) Suddenly a crow runs up and nods its head.
( We fold our fingers into a pinch and swing them up and down
.) Croaks: “Here’s lunch!”
( Open your palm, moving your thumb down and the rest up
.) Lo and behold, there are no more worms!
( Clench our fists, pressing them to our chest
.)
Cabbage
We chop the cabbage, chop it, ( Move our straight palms up and down
.) We salt the cabbage, salt it, (
Stroke the fingertips one at a time
.) We rub the cabbage, rub it, (
our fists against each other
.) We squeeze the cabbage, squeeze it.
( We clench and unclench our fists
.)
Five fingers
There are five fingers on my hand, five grippers, five holders. To plan and to saw, To take and to give. It's not difficult to count them: One, two, three, four, five! ( We rhythmically clench and unclench our fists. To count, we bend the fingers on both hands one by one
.)
My fingers
My fingers will tell you what they can do - they will show us. ( Clap your hands with your fingers spread out
.) There are 5 of them on each hand.
( The fingers touch each other 4 times
.) They can do anything, they will always help.
They play the pipe, ( We show spread fingers
.) They wash things, (
We clap our hands
.) They sweep everywhere, (
Further, all movements correspond to the text
.) They pinch, caress, throw the ball - Five and five of my fast fingers.
( Show fingers of both hands
.)
Pie
We remember the dough with our hands, ( Squeeze and unclench our fingers
.) Let's bake a sweet pie.
( Fold the palms of both hands in the form of a pie
.) Lubricate the middle with jam, (
Stroke the palm of one hand with your fingers
.) And the top with delicious cream.
( Raise your palms higher and perform circular movements
.) And sprinkle the pie a little with coconut crumbs, (
Imitate sprinkling crumbs with the fingers of both hands
.) And then we will brew tea, (
As if we are stirring tea
.) We will give you pies.
( Clench our fingers into fists
.)
Alsu Mustafina, senior educator
, State Budget Educational Institution, D/s No. 2250, Moscow
Finger gymnastics file
We offer a selection of exciting games in poetic form for a 3-year-old child. Finger gymnastics is carried out in kindergarten by a teacher, and at home by parents.
Garden
“The garden is turning green” - clench and unclench your fingers;
“Here is parsley, here are peas” - bend your fingers one by one;
“Here are the radishes, here are the potatoes” - continue bending your fingers;
“The radish has grown a little” - bend the remaining little finger;
“My green garden has produced a harvest for the whole year!” – clap your hands.
Fish
“A fish swims on water” - place the brush horizontally, move it in a wave-like manner;
“The fish lives happily” - wave your hands up and down with your palms facing the floor;
“The fish in the river is mischievous” - make a “threatening” movement with your index finger;
“We’ll catch you now!” – sharply bring your palms together, as if you’ve caught someone.
Worms
“Two worms” - make “crawling” movements with your index fingers;
“Looked out of the bull’s-eye” - fold your palms, then open them away from you, like the doors of a door;
“Long time no see” - spread your palms facing each other to the sides;
“Hugged tightly” - shake one hand with the other;
“We didn’t want to part” - unclench your hands;
“But I had to say goodbye” - wave with both hands pointing at each other.
Pies
“I have five pies” - wave both hands with fingers spread;
“The first one is for daddy” - bend the thumb of your left hand;
“Second for mommy” – index;
“Third for Grandpa” – average;
“Fourth for Granny” – unnamed;
“And the fifth one is for me” - bend your little finger.
Perform similar actions with your right hand.
Let's cook cabbage
“To get tasty cabbage, we must chop it” - quickly move up and down with the edge of your hand;
“Rub” – move your hands clenched into fists back and forth;
“Salt” – imitate with your fingers as if you were sprinkling salt;
“Squeeze” – strongly clench and unclench your fists several times.
Animals
“This is a cowardly little bunny” - bend your little finger;
“This is an angry wolf cub” - nameless;
“This is a beautiful little fox” - medium;
“This is a prickly hedgehog” - index;
“This is a clumsy bear” - big;
“And this is a fir cone for the bear” - put the resulting fist forward.
Who's that flying?
“Who is that flying near your ear? So it’s a fly!” – make circular movements with your index finger near the auricle, pronouncing the sound “w-w-w-w”;
“Who is that flying near your nose? So it’s a wasp!” – make circular movements with your finger near the tip of your nose, pronouncing the sound “z-z-z-z”;
“Who sat on his forehead? So it’s a mosquito!” – touch your forehead with your index finger with the sound “pi-i-i”;
“What to do with a mosquito? We need it like this!” – lightly hit yourself on the forehead with your palm;
“No, it’s better to let the mosquito go!” – bring your open palm to your mouth and blow on it.
Feeder
“There is a feeder hanging in the yard, a treat for all the birds” - make “inviting” movements with your hands;
“For tits - a piece of lard” - make a movement with the edge of your hand, as if cutting something;
“Grains are for sparrows” - put your fingers together, imitate as if you are sprinkling grain;
“Crumbs for the pigeons” - rub your palms together as if you were crumbling bread;
“Macaroni for the crows” – extend your open palms forward.
Bees
“A hive is hanging on a branch - a house for bees” - extend your fist forward.
“The bees are flying out, let’s count them” - straighten your fingers one by one;
“One, two, three, four, here come five! Now they’re going to bite us!” - tickle the child.
Summer
“The sky has cleared of the clouds” - make sweeping movements with your hands, as if dispersing the clouds;
“The sun has appeared in a clear sky” - fold your palms with edges on the side of the thumb, spread the rest of your fingers, raise your arms above your head;
“The children are happy” - clap your hands;
“Summer time has come” - spread your hands.
Charger
“We have athletic fingers, they can do a lot” - spread your fingers, move them;
“Walking, running” - make “walking” and “running” movements with your fingers;
“They are training, doing push-ups” - clench and unclench your fists;
“They are trying well” - clap your hands.
Sun
“The morning has come, the sun has risen” - stretch your arms as high as possible;
“The night will come, the sun will go to sleep” - lower your hands;
“Happy sunshine lives” - twist your relaxed hands left and right;
“And he sends us rays of happiness” - clap your hands.
Finger games for kids
Finger games have been known almost since ancient times. It is quite possible that they were invented at a time when there were no toys yet, and the only available objects for play were hands. Apparently, the Lord Himself put them in the minds of our ancestors, because this type of games is a unique way of child development.
Finger games, as a rule, have a simple poetic form that is understandable to children, and with the help of hands and fingers, the adult and the child “illustrate” the story. It has long been known what a big role physical contact with a loving adult plays in the development of a child’s personality. Nothing can compare to finger play for the degree of contact that is established during classes. Firstly, babies are usually seated on their laps with their backs facing them. This gives the child a sense of protection from the ring of the mother's embrace. Secondly, all the actions that take place during the game - stroking, patting, bending and straightening fingers help to establish and strengthen trust, develop the child’s communication skills, and finally, this is a huge charge of positive emotions from communication and the game itself.
It has been scientifically proven that children develop intelligence through fine motor skills. The activity of a child’s brain is very closely related to the tactile sensations that the baby receives through his palms and fingers. That is why the best toys for little ones are those that consist of parts of different textures and shapes, allowing the child to understand the difference between soft and hard, hard and tender, smooth and rough. But parents must remember that even the best toy in the world cannot replace personal contact, an eye-to-eye look, or the approving smile of a mother or grandmother. Play with your children! Place them in your arms and discover for them the magical land of finger games.
How should you play with your baby?
— Before the game, briefly explain to your child the essence of the game in an accessible form.
— Play with passion yourself, immerse yourself in the world of your baby.
- Do not give your child a large volume and many tasks at once. Mastering one or two finger games a day is enough.
— Encourage your child’s successes and turn a blind eye to his mistakes.
- The game should bring joy to both of you.
“It happens that the baby suddenly doesn’t like some of the finger games. Don't force him to play it.
Finger games for little ones
Magpie Crow
The adult runs his finger over the child’s open palm and says:
— The magpie-crow was cooking porridge and feeding the children:
(takes one finger at a time, shakes it and bends it towards the palm)
- I gave it to this, I gave it to this, I gave it to this, I gave it to this, but I didn’t give it to this one (swings harder)!
You didn’t go into the forest, you didn’t chop wood, you didn’t light the stove! You have nothing!
* * *
Mushroom fingers
We take the fingers one by one, starting with the little finger, swing each one and press it to the palm:
This finger went into the forest, this finger found a mushroom, this finger began to clean, this finger began to fry.
Well, this one (thumb) - he took it and ate it, and that’s why he got fat!
* * *
Two kids
(On both hands we press the middle and ring fingers with our thumbs).
Once upon a time, a little goat was walking across the bridge to visit someone (Hold your hands horizontally, bring your hands together).
And another one was walking towards him, he was returning home.
(On the first syllable of each line we join our hands in a swing).
* * *
Five ducklings
Five ducklings are swimming forward, their mother is waiting on the shore, (One of the hands - “mother duck” - stands on the table, leaning on her elbow. The fingers are folded in a pinch. The second hand is the ducklings. We perform wave-like movements towards the “duck”. The number of extensions fingers corresponds to the number of ducklings)
But only four ducklings returned to their mother. (fingers gradually bend)
Four ducklings are swimming... Three ducklings are swimming... Two ducklings are swimming... Here one is swimming forward, On the shore his mother is waiting, (To the words “On the shore their mother is waiting” we “nod” with our hand (“mother duck”).
And five ducklings at once
We returned to mommy back.
* * *
Watch
(We sit on a rug or pillow (on our knees). We move our fingers (“run”) from the knees to the top of the head).
The mouse climbed for the first time. See what time it is. Suddenly the clock said: “Bom!” (One clap above the head).
The mouse rolled head over heels. (Hands “roll” to the floor).
The mouse climbed up a second time to see what time it was. Suddenly the clock said: “Bom, bom!” (Two claps).
The mouse rolled head over heels. The mouse climbed for the third time to see what time it was. Suddenly the clock said: “Bom, bom, bom!” (Three claps).
The mouse rolled head over heels.
* * *
Worms
One, two, three, four, five, the worms went for a walk. (Palms lie on your knees or on the table. Bend your fingers, pull your palm towards you (movement of a crawling caterpillar), walk along the table with your index and middle fingers (the remaining fingers are pressed towards the palm).
One, two, three, four, five, the worms went for a walk. Suddenly a crow runs up, she nods her head, (We fold our fingers into a pinch, shake them up and down).
Croaks: “Here comes dinner!” (Open your palm, moving your thumb down and the rest up).
Lo and behold, there are no worms! (Clench our fists, pressing them to our chest)
* * *
In giraffes
Giraffes have spots, spots, spots, spots everywhere. Giraffes have spots, spots, spots, spots everywhere. (Clap your palms all over your body.)
On the forehead, ears, neck, elbows, noses, bellies, knees and toes. (Use both index fingers to touch the corresponding parts of the body.
Elephants have folds, folds, folds, folds everywhere. Elephants have folds, folds, folds, folds everywhere. (We pinch ourselves, as if picking up folds.)
On the forehead, ears, neck, elbows, noses, bellies, knees and toes. (Use both index fingers to touch the corresponding parts of the body).
* * *
Our family
Here is grandpa, here is grandma, here is daddy, here is mommy, here is my baby, and here is the whole family.
Alternately bend your fingers to your palm, starting with the big one, and with the words “Here comes the whole family,” cover the entire fist with your second hand.
* * *
Swing
The branches of the fir trees trembled. We are delighted with the swing. We fly up and down, Have fun with us. (T. Sikacheva) Perform the exercise first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and then with both hands. From the wrist, lift the hands up with straight, closed fingers, and then, slightly bending the fingers, gently lower them down.
* * *
Kittens
(We fold our palms, press our fingers together. Elbows rest on the table). Our cat has ten kittens (We shake our hands without separating them). Now all the kittens are standing in pairs: Two fat, two dexterous, Two long, two cunning, Two small and the most beautiful. (Tap the corresponding fingers against each other (from the big to the little finger).
* * *
Spider
The spider walked along the branch, and the children followed him. (Arms are crossed; the fingers of each hand “run” along the forearm and then along the shoulder of the other hand.)
Rain suddenly poured from the sky, (Brushes are freely lowered, we perform a shaking movement (rain).)
The spiders were washed to the ground. (Clap your palms on the table/knees.)
The sun began to warm up, (Palms are pressed to each other by the sides, fingers are spread out, we shake our hands (the sun is shining)
The spider crawls again, And all the children crawl after it, To take a walk on the branch. (The actions are similar to the original ones, the “spiders” crawl on the head.)
* * *
Bees
A small house on a Christmas tree, a house for bees, where are the bees? You need to knock on the house, (One of the hands stands on the table, leaning on the elbow, fingers spread out (Christmas tree). On the second hand, the fingers close into a ring (beehive). The “beehive” is pressed to the “Christmas tree.” Children look into the “beehive”).
One two three four five. I knock, knock on the tree, (Clench our fists. We knock our fists against each other, alternating hands).
Where, where are these bees? They suddenly began to fly out: (We spread our hands, spread our fingers and move them (the bees fly).
One two three four five!
* * *
Glove
The cheerful mouse found a glove, (Open your palm, fingers spread (glove). Turn your hands either palm or back side up).
Having made a nest in it, (We fold our hands into a “bucket”).
She called the mice. (We bend and straighten our fingers (“calling” gesture).
I gave them a crust of bread to bite (with the tip of my thumb, we tap the tips of the other fingers one by one).
She stroked (spanked) everyone (with our thumb we stroke (“slap”) the rest (with a sliding movement from the little finger to the index finger).
and sent me to bed. (We press our palms together, put them under our cheeks (sleep).
* * *
Piglets
(The fingers are spread out; we alternately “walk” along the table or knees with each of the fingers).
This fat piglet was wagging his tail all day long, (Little Fingers).
This fat pig was scratching his back against the fence. (Unnamed).
La-la-la-la, lu-lu-lya, I love piglets (“Lanterns”).
La-la-la-la, lu-lu-lya, I love piglets (Clench and unclench our fists).
This fat pig was picking the ground with his nose, (Medium).
This fat pig drew something himself. (Indicative).
La-la-la-la, lu-lu-lya, I love piglets (Clench and unclench our fists).
This fat pig is a couch potato and impudent, (Big).
He wanted to sleep in the middle and pushed all the brothers out of the way. (Clench your hand into a fist, press your thumb inward.)
* * *
“Warm-up”
(We perform imitative movements in accordance with the text).
We nod our heads, shake our noses, and knock our teeth and remain silent for a little while. (Press index fingers to lips).
We'll twirl our shoulders and don't forget about our hands. Let's shake our fingers and rest a little. (Bent down, swing with relaxed arms).
We'll dangle our legs and squat a little, we'll like a leg with a leg and we'll start all over again. (We jump in place to the rhythm of the text. Then the tempo accelerates.)
We nod our heads,... We roll our shoulders,...
* * *
"Snail"
The snail sits in the house, sticking out its horns, and is silent.
(One of the hands is a “flower”. It stands on the table, leaning on the elbow. The fingers are half-bent, spread out. The palm is the cup of a flower. The second hand is a snail. The thumb, middle and ring fingers touch the tips. The index and little fingers are extended forward (snail horns ).
Here is a snail crawling (“The snail” sways from side to side).
Slowly forward. (Crawls forward on the table).
It will crawl onto the flower (“Snail” crawls onto the “flower”).
He will gnaw the petals. (“The snail” alternately clasps the fingers (“petals”) of the second hand (“flower”).
She pulled her horns into her head, (The hand (“snail”) curls into a fist (“retracts her horns”).
She hid in the house and fell asleep. (The second hand (“flower”) closes, hiding the “snail” in the “bud”).
* * *
"Spring"
(We fold our fingers into a pinch. We swing them.)
The woodpeckers are knocking louder and the chickadees began to sing. (Palms are closed in a “bucket”, we raise our hands up, open our palms, the sides remain pressed, fingers spread).
The sun rises early to warm our earth. (Movements are repeated).
The sun rises early to warm our earth. The streams are running downhill, all the snow has melted, (We perform wave-like movements with our hands (fingers straightened, closed, palms turned down).
And from under the old grass (Palms closed like a “bucket”).
The flower is already looking... (The palms open, the sides of the hands are joined, the fingers are open, half-bent (the cup of the flower).
And from under the old grass a flower is already looking (Movements are repeated).
The bell opened (Hands stand on the table, resting on their elbows. Fingers clenched into a fist).
In the shade, where the pine tree is, (Fingers gradually loosen up, freely relaxed (bell cup).
Ding-ding, rings quietly, (We swing our hands in different directions, saying “ding-ding”).
Ding-ding, spring has come. Ding-ding, it rings softly, Ting-ding, spring has come.
* * *
“Hares”
Hands rest on the table or knees, fingers relaxed. In accordance with the text, we lift a pair of fingers of the same name one by one, starting with the thumbs. Ten gray hares Were dozing under a bush, And two suddenly said: “There’s a man with a gun.” Two shouted: “Let’s run away!”, Two whispered, “Let’s be silent!”, Two suggested: “We’ll hide in the bushes!” And two suddenly asked: “Can he do “Bach”?” “Bang” - the hunter shot, (Clap your hands). By pressing the trigger of the gun, (Run your fingers along the table or knees). And ten gray hares took off running.
Based on materials from the site https://www.razumniki.ru/
